Legal Aspects of Gender-Based Pay Discrimination: The Case of Iceland
Abstract
In the present paper approaches to gender-based pay discrimination in Iceland are examined. The paper begins with a general overview of the situation of the Icelandic labour market in relation to gender discrimination. It then deals with the main norms of the national antidiscrimination legislation, including the recent legislation introducing an obligation to produce equal pay certification for firms with more than 25 employees. This leads on to an analysis of the mechanisms of implementation and enforcement of the equal treatment principle in Iceland, including an overview of recent case law, the role of the social partners and other equal treatment bodies. The discussion then turns to parental leave in Iceland, while the conclusion provides a brief comparison between Russian and Icelandic antidiscrimination legislation with the purpose of identifying possible best practices for implementation in Russia.
Keywords:
Gender-Based Discrimination, Equal Pay, Equal Pay Certification, Gender-Neutral Approach, Work of Equal Value
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Библиография
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References
Arabsheibani, Reza, Lau Lisa. 1999. “Mind the Cap’: an analysis of gender wage differentials in Russia”. Labor 13 (4): 761–774.
Burri, Susan, Prechal, Sacha. 2009. “The Transposition of Recast Directive 2006/54/EC”, European Network of Legal Experts in the Field of Gender Equality. European Commission Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities, Unit EMPL/G/2.
Datta Gupta, Nabanita, Nina Smith, Mette Verner. 2008. “The Impact of Nordic countries’ family friendly policies on employment wages, and children”. Review of Economics of the Household 6 (1): 65–88.
Einarsdóttir, Arney, Katrin Ólafsdóttir, Laura Nesaule. 2018. “The relationship between gender equality activity in organizations and employee perceptions of equality”. Timarit um vi.skipti og efnahagsmal 15 (1): 37–49.
Foubert, Petra. 2017. The enforcement of the principle of equal pay for equal work or work of equal value. A legal analysis of the situation in the EU Member States, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, European Commission: 1–106.
Gerasimova, Elena. 2017. “Work-life balance and the use of childcare leave by fathers serving in the military: the case of Konstantin Markin v. Russia”. Improving Workplace Quality: New Perspectives and Challenges for Worker Well-being, W. Bromwich, O. Rymkevich (eds). Bulletin of Comparative LabourRelations 97: 55–66.
Glinskaya, Elena, Mroz, Thomas. 2000. “The gender gap in wages in Russia from 1992 to 1995”. Journal of Population Economics (Springer-Verlag) 13: 353–386.
Katz, Katarina. 1997. “Gender, wages and discrimination in the USSR: a study of Russian Industrial Town”. Cambridge Journal of Economics 21 (4): 431–452.
Khitarishvili, Tamar. 2018. Gender Pay Gaps in the Former Soviet Union: A Review of the Evidence, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College. WP 899: 3–44.
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Olafsdottir, Katrin. 2018. “Iceland is the best, but still not equal”. Sokelys pa arbeidslivet 35 (1–2): 111–126.
Tamm, Marcus. 2018. “Fathers’ Parental Leave-Taking, Childcare Involvement, and Mothers’ Labour Market Participation”. Institute of Labour Economics IZA Discussion Paper no. 11873, October 2018. http://ftp.iza.org/dp11873.pdf.
Villa, Ester. 2014. «Anti-discrimination law over pay: Italian and European solutions in comparison». WP. CSDLE Massimo D’Antona. 107/2014: 3.
Wagner, Ines. 2018. Certified Equality, the Icelandic Equal Pay Standard, Report: 1–40.
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